Probiotics: Germs that promote life

Probiotics are actually a combination of two Latin words. "Pro" means "Promoter" and "Biotic" means "Life".

"Probiotics" is not a chemical that promotes life, nor is it a biomolecular derivative from any plant or animal, but "Probiotics" is actually, a special type of bacteria that mostly belongs to our digestive system, the intestines.

Bacteria are the only living thing on Earth that has evolved from about 4.2 billion years ago to the present day, during which time many kinds of living things came into the world and became extinct, probably because they Time has not been able to adapt to changes in the environment and to defend itself against other living things, but the presence of bacteria on this planet to this day shows that bacteria have an extraordinary ability to defend themselves.

Scientific evidence also shows that bacteria emit a variety of biomolecules of organic matter to defend themselves, which they use as their weapon against other microbes. Bacterious, for example, is an organic substance that is used to kill the bacteria around it. Similarly, a technology recently discovered in bacteria is called CRISPR, in which the bacteria use a special type of enzyme against the virus that attacks them. Various scientific evidence has also proved that bacteria have made their home not only on Earth but also on other planets in the universe. Recent space research and experiments have also revealed the presence of many types of bacteria in space.

Over the last several decades, it has become clear that the human body has lived in close harmony with a highly complex ecosystem consisting of thousands of types of bacteria, including the human skin, mouth, respiratory system, and digestive system. Where both the bacteria and the human body are beneficial to each other.

These thousands of types of bacteria that are present in the the human body is called microbiota, which is also called the normal flora of the human body. These bacteria are actually acquired by the human body from the environment immediately after its birth and then maintained throughout life, while the innumerable bacteria attached to the human body include Probiotics, the bacteria that help in the development of life.

Probiotic bacteria play an important role in the physiology of their host human or animal body. For example, these bacteria not only participate in the digestion of nutrients in the digestive system but also help in the process of angiogenesis in the intestines, ie the formation of new blood vessels from the old blood vessels. In addition, these bacteria play an important role in the modulation of the human body's immune system and the growth of the nervous system.

These bacteria are also involved in maintaining the body's fat storage system and therefore protect the human body from dangerous types of germs, as these bacteria do not like to be replaced by other bacteria. And so they kill the new dangerous bacteria that enter the body. Therefore, Probiotics are effective not only in terms of medicine but also in terms of nutrition. It can also be estimated that Probiotics bacteria are now being used in the field of agriculture to replace deadly chemicals in plants, such as pesticides.

In the early 19th century, a scientist named Metchnikoff stated that Probiotics were, in fact, the most beneficial bacteria in the human body. Scientists now use more than one type of bacteria (Probiotics) to increase the number and potential of the human body, which has been used not only to boost the immune system but also as an effective weapon against many diseases.

Scientific evidence has shown that there are thousands of types of normal flora bacteria in every human digestive system, numbering in the billions, but interestingly, these bacteria are present in the digestive system in terms of total weight. Not only are the various organic and inorganic components halved, but the number of these bacteria is ten times greater than the number of cells and tissues that make up the human body.

Another interesting fact is that these normal flora attached to the digestive system include bacteria belonging to the two major groups of bacteria, namely the gram-positive and gram-negative group of firmicutes and the bacteroids family. They are present in a certain proportion that changes with human age. For example, the number of bacteria called Bifidobacteria is very high in children, especially infants, but this number decreases with age in older people. This also affects their immune system, as a decrease in the normal flora ratio gives rise to dangerous bacteria and they start to make the human body sick. In such cases, Probiotics are used along with other essential medicines. Proves to be a very effective measure.

Due to the importance and usefulness of Probiotics bacteria, many scientists around the world are expanding their research and trying to use Probiotics not only as an effective weapon against dangerous bacteria but also as a treatment for other diseases. Are Bacteria that are being used as Probiotics include lactobacilli, pediococcus, bifidobacteria, lactococcus, saccharomyces and streptococcus. Many types of bacteria secrete a variety of enzymes and biomolecules, including bacterious, peptides, etc., which cause not only disease-causing bacteria but also bacteria that are resistant to various antibiotics.

Recent research has shown that changes in the normal flora the ratio in the intestines can lead to diabetes and obesity, and that's why scientists are now experimenting with bacteria to treat diabetes that have the ability to modulate intestinal hormones. Have Similarly, for the treatment of obesity, many Probiotics bacteria including lactobacillus and bifidobacteria, experts have revealed that these bacteria have the ability to lower hypocholerterolemic ie cholesterol.

The Probiotics bacterium called saccharomyces boutardii not only helps to eliminate intestinal inflammation but also helps to heal intestinal ulcers through angiogenesis. Here, too, these Probiotics are used as a supplement. Recent research has shown that a Probiotics bacterium called lactobacillus has the ability to suppress colorectal cancer.

It is also worth noting that a decrease in the proportion of normal flora in the human body affects the human immune system, which can lead to many diseases, including allergies. Thus, the change in the proportion of Probiotics bacteria is not limited to the immune system or intestinal disease, but also has a profound effect on the human central nervous system and is now a scientific term for the "gut-brain axis". The phrase is used, which establishes a communication link between the gut and the brain, which is essential for brain development, and a change in the proportion of Probiotics disrupts this communication, causing children too And in adults, mental weakness and psychological distress increase. In a recent scientific study, scientists found that children with autism spectrum disorder used a bacterium called lactobacillus planetarium as a daily supplement to improve their school records and their behavior by eating and drinking. Improved.

Similarly, bifidobacterium Bifidus, which releases a neurotransmitter called aminobutyric acid reduces anxiety and depression in humans.

The story of Probiotics does not end there, but a group of scientists has experimented with the use of Probiotics bacteria called lactobacillus in astronauts to boost their immunity. In fact, low gravity in space has a significant effect on the health of astronauts due to the lack of gravity. For example, their bones become weaker, their senses diminish, and at the same time there is a significant change or decrease in the proportion of intestinal bacteria, the normal flora, which leads to depression in astronauts and their immunity, while Probiotics play an important role in solving these problems.

Therefore, a group of NASA scientists has found the ability of Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteria to grow in low gravity to be effective in solving astronauts' problems. To that end, scientists are considering adding these Probiotics to astronauts' diets. Probiotics Bacteria are found in the intestines of humans and animals, as well as in many components such as daily protein (yogurt, cheese). Today, Probiotics are also available in the form of medicines, while a healthy diet and a healthy lifestyle play an important role in maintaining the proportion of these bacteria in the human body.

Also, some chemicals called Probiotics are used to maintain the proportion of Probiotics bacteria in the human body. Given the effectiveness of Probiotics, it would be fair to say that more research is needed in this area to make Probiotics more useful to humans.